Блок 1.
Лексико-грамматический тест
Task
1. For questions 1-17, read the text below and decide which word (A, B, C or D)
best fits in the gap.
Kolb's
learning styles
D.A.
Kolb (1984) 1….
a model of learning which 2… an
important 3…
on the way teachers
think about their students and what they do in the classroom to try and meet learners' different 4…. . The model presents four approaches 5…. learning that are based 6…. experience.
think about their students and what they do in the classroom to try and meet learners' different 4…. . The model presents four approaches 5…. learning that are based 6…. experience.
Kolb
suggests that we 7….
best 8….
action and 9….
, and he describes a four-stage process that learners often 10….
. First, learners have some kind of learning experience. For example, someone studying chemistry might carry 11….
a 12….
experiment. They think about and reflect 13….
this experience, which, in turn, leads them to 14….
conclusions and develop concepts in their 15….
.
The
fourth and final stage is to 16….
or test our conclusions 17….
of a new experience. The four
stages can be summarised in the following way: experience, observation,
conceptualisation, experimentation.
1.
A) coined B)
investigated C) outlined D)
invented
2.
A) has had B)
had C) is having D) have had
3. A)
impact B)
role C)
influence D) significance
4.
A) aims B) needs C)
requirements D) goals
5. A) to B)
on C) for D) in
6. A) on B)
of C)
through D)
in
7.
A) to learn B)
learning C) learn D)
learnt
8.
A) in B) with C) on D) through
9.
A) reflection B) thinking C) observation D)
understanding
10.
A) go about B) go with C) go in for D) go through
11.
A)
out B)
on C) through D) down
12.
A) practicing B) practicable C) practiced D)
practical
13.
A) over B) on C)
about D) in
14.
A) do B)
draw C)
take D) find
15.
A)
minds B)
brain C) thoughts D) imagination
16.
A) try in B) try away C) try out D)
try of
17.
A) via B) by means C) by mean D) as a result of
Task
2: For questions 18-37, complete the text with the missing words choosing them
from the box (a-v). For each case, find the word that best fits in the gap.
There are two extra words which you do not need to use.
Computers
and IT crime
Generally
speaking, computers and information technology provide many …r.18….
for everyone,
but they are sometimes used to annoy and or …g.19….
people. ….20...
associated with computers
….21....
from what is ethical, to what is unethical, to what is against the ….22....
– a computer crime. There are many types of
computer and IT crimes, sometimes called …k.23.... ranging from the ….c24....
use of a password by a student in a college computer lab to a billion dollar insurance ….25....
. While most of us typically associate computer crime with the theft of ….26....
data, other less ….27....
activities such as copying a music CD are also computer crimes. This kind of ….28....
crime is unusual because the owner still has ….29....
of whatever was stolen. Of
course, some computer crimes result in significant physical ….30....
as well, including the theft of
a large amounts of money.
It
is widely accepted that computer crime is a serious problem, but we don't know
how serious. Some studies …h.31....
that each year the total money lost from computer crime is greater than the sum total of that taken in all
other …s.32....
. Although it is well known that computer crime is …j.33....,
no one really knows exactly how much is ….34....
because much of it is either undetected
or …t.35....
. In those cases involving banks, bank officers may choose not to report the loss because they do not want to risk a
negative reaction from their …e.36....
. Computer crimes involving
the greatest amount of money have to do with banking, …a.37....
, and investments.
a
—
insurance, b
—
court, c
—
fraud, d
—
possession, e —
customers, f
—
sensitive, g
—
harm, h
—
estimate, i — dramatic , j —
illegal, k
—
cybercrimes, l
—
loss, m
—
common, n
— copyright, o
—
committed , p —
law, q
—
unauthorized, r —
benefits, s
—
robberies, t
— unreported, u
—
issues, v
—
range.
Task
3. For questions 38-46, read the text and decide which word (A, B, C or D) best
fits in the gap.
Britain's top
children's hospital has turned to the world of motor racing for help in moving sick babies at maximum speed and with minimum risk.
Great Ormond
Street hospital in London has ...38.... in experts
from the Maclaren Formula One motor
racing team to bring the ….39.... of the pit stop into the sphere of medical care
in an ….40.... to learn how children might be transferred more
quickly and safely out of the operating ….41.... during the
critical minutes that follow complex heart ….42....
David Ryan, the
Maclaren team manager, has visited the hospital and ….43.... doctors in how to shave seconds off a tyre change. Doctors hope
to ….44.... the method
to help medical teams to ….45.... lines,
tubes and syringes and begin ….46.... vital
functions as soon as possible after a baby who has
had surgery arrives in the intensive care unit.
38. A) put B)
sent C) called D) set
39. A) habit B)
discipline C) arrangement D) order
40. A) effort
B) aim C) action D) operation
41. A) clinic
B) room C) ward D) theatre
42. A) disease
B) surgery C) therapy D) remedy
43. A) educated
B) guided C) instructed D) lectured
44. A) adapt B)
adjust C) turn D) vary
45. A)
introduce B) insert C) inject D) enter
46. A) watching
B) guarding C) nursing D) monitoring
Task
4. For questions 47-56, read the text and complete the sentences choosing from
the grammar forms (A, B, C or D). Type the letter you have chosen into the
answer sheet.
The
Nine Day Queen
Lady
Jane Grey ….47....
to the Tower of London in July 1553 aged 15. She ….48....
proclaimed
Queen by her father-in-law, the Duke of Northumberland, supported by her own
father, the
Duke of Suffolk. The Protestant Queen Jane ….49....
placed upon the throne in order to keep the Catholic heir, Mary Tudor, off it. Within
10 days the scheme ….50....
and Jane remained a prisoner at
the Tower for the rest of her short life. Jane and her husband, Lord Guildford
Dudley, ….51.... imprisoned separately and eventually
executed.
The
Dudley brothers ….52....
captive in the Beauchamp Tower as punishment for the
family's
involvement in the plot. They ….53....
fortunate prisoners, and could take exercise on the Beauchamp Tower roof and wall walks. Jane
….54....
permission that she and the Dudleys could also walk in the Tower garden.
Elaborately
carved graffiti of the Tower of London suggest that certain prisoners ….55.... free time on their hands, and were
talented carvers. They ….56....
able to hire stonemasons to inscribe
their mark on the Tower walls. Some of the most well known graffiti in the Beauchamp Tower are connected with the story of Lady
Jane Grey.
47.
A) had come B) came C) has come D) comes
48.
A) was B) had been C) had D) could be
49.
A) had been B) was C) has been D) is
50.
A) had failed B) has failed C) failed D) was failing
51.
A) were B) had been C) could have been D) have been
52.
A) had been held B) were held C) held D) have been held
53.
A) were B) have been C) had been D) could have been
54.
A) has requested B) had requested C) requested D) could request
55.
A) have had B) had C) have D) were having
56.
A) may have been B) have been C) should have been D) had been able
Task
5: For questions 57-70, complete the text with the phrases below (A-P). Each of
them can be used once and should be located in its proper place. There are two
extra phrases, which should not be included in the text.
Culture
shock
Culture
shock — a feeling of anxiety and confusion ….57....
- can be a significant barrier to the
adjustment and performance of an expatriate. Differences in ….58....
cause difficulties in adjusting
to the new environment, including such things as whether to shake hands or not,
when to present
a gift, or when and how ….59....
. Coupled with this are differences in familiar ways of doing things that create problems for the
expatriate. Such everyday activities as reading street signs, understanding driving rules, and using
telephones and e-mail ….60....
.
Individuals
who visit a country for a short time, such as tourists and others on short-term missions, do not ….61....
. However, people living and working abroad for a long period of time go through different steps of adjustment. The
first step, the honeymoon,
….62....
, and a sense of optimism
and extreme happiness are common. Expatriates live in pleasant surroundings and
are welcomed by colleagues and other
host-country nationals, who may arrange special welcome events and make them feel comfortable.
After
that, in the second stage known as culture shock, expatriates
….63....
. These problems can
include poor language ability, inadequate schooling for children, ….64....
. crowded buses and subways,
differences in shopping habits, and other problems. Any of these ….65....
. During this period,
expatriates often seek others from their home country with whom they can
compare experiences
about the difficulties. They may try to escape through excessive socializing,
as they experience
a sense of powerlessness and ….66....
. Over time, these feelings may grow stronger in some expatriates and lead to depression
and physical health problems.
Next,
in the third stage called adjustment, expatriates
gradually begin to develop ….67.... that enable them to cope with their new
environment. Anxiety and depression become less frequent, and ….68....
. Furthermore, the expatriate begins to become more productive at work and
returns to being
the confident manager who was selected for the overseas assignment.
In
the fourth and last stage, mastery,
expatriates eventually know ….69....
and have learned enough
about local customs and culture to feel «at home». Still, it is important for
expatriates to continually
realize that they will never know the entire culture as locals do and, thus, it
is ….70.... and skills every day.
A —
how to deal with the demands of their local environment
B —
begin to experience difficulties connected to their daily routines
C —
to pay compliments
D —
begins with the initial contact with another culture
E —
find it easy to communicate
F —
present expatriates with new challenges
G —
a feeling that they have no connection with the country they are living in
H —
their responsibility to attain new knowledge
I —
to adapt to the environment
J —
new sets of skills
K —
caused by exposure to a new culture
L —
expatriates begin to feel more positive about their new surroundings
M —
go through various degrees of adjustment
N —
daily styles of interactions
O —
lack of adequate housing
P —
can create stress, unhappiness, and a dislike for the country